Amblyrhynchus cristatus ssp. hassi. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020
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Date Issued
2020Subject Terms
IGUANASWILDLIFE CONSERVATION
IUCN
GALAPAGOS
INVASIVE SPECIES
PREDATORS
ENDANGERED SPECIES
ANIMAL-HUMAN RELATIONSHIPS
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e.T44175A2992874
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https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/44175/2992874Abstract
The Santa Cruz Marine Iguana is found on the islands of Santa Cruz, Baltra, Seymour Norte, Plaza Sur, Plaza Norte, and very likely other satellite cays in the Galápagos Islands, Ecuador. The estimated extent of occurrence is 1,439 km2 by minimum convex polygon and the area of occupancy is estimated at 580 km2 . The population size is poorly known and crudely estimated at 2,000–13,000 total iguanas with fewer than 7,800 mature individuals. Genetic data indicate a small effective population size. Overall population trend is unknown, but is subject to extreme reductions and fluctuations during El Niño events, which are predicted to intensify in the future with ongoing climate change. This iguana is threatened by invasive alien Black Rats, Norway Rats, feral cats, and free-roaming pigs and dogs. Santa Cruz Marine Iguanas are threatened by a region-wide increase in human population and visitation that has multiplied the impacts from stress, marine pollution, habitat degradation, and chance of further invasive species introductions and emergent diseases. Land-based tourist presence and intensity has been shown to have a significant overall negative effect on iguana health. The population is estimated to have been reduced by at least 30–40% over the last three generations (18–24 years) due to the impacts of invasive alien predators, oil spills, low effective population size, and cyclic feast/famine fluctuations. Without significant invasive species and pollution control, declines are projected to continue in the near future, with a percent reduction of at least 20–30% estimated over the past two generations and one generation into the future. This subspecies qualifies for listing as EndangeredType
Technical ReportRights
Copyright 2020 International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resourcesae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T44175A2992874.en
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