Evaluation of two doses of butorphanol-medetomidine-midazolam for the immobilization of wild versus captive black-footed cats (Felis nigripes)

Abstract

The efficacy, safety, physiologic effects, and reversibility of butorphanol-medetomidine-midazolam (BMM) immobilization were evaluated in black-footed cats (Felis nigripes) and compared between captive and wild animals. Nine captive and 14 wild black-footed cats were hand injected into an accessible hind limb muscle group with the BMM combination…. The capture methods exerted a greater influence on the physiology of the immobilized animals than did the doses of the drugs used….