Distal limb swelling and periosteal productive reaction in periparturient Sichuan takin (Budorcas taxicolor tibetana): five cases of presumptive hypertrophic osteopathy

Abstract

Hypertrophic osteopathy, a syndrome characterized by painful distal limb swelling and proliferative periosteal reaction, primarily involves the metacarpal and metatarsal bones and phalanges. Lesions are often bilaterally symmetric and typically affect all four limbs....